Hot-water of



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

- C H ROSS HOT WATER 0R STEAM BOILER.

Patented Aug. 11, 1891.

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G H ROSS HOT WATER 0R STEAM BOILER.

No. 457,522. Patented Augrll, 1891.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES H. ROSS, OF READING, MASSACHUSETTS.

HOT-WATER 0a STEAM BOILER.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 457,522, dated August11,1891.

Application filed September 3, 1890. Serial No. 363,867- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that 1, CHARLES H. Ross, of Reading, in the county ofMiddlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements'in Hot-Tater or Steam Boilers, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a boiler of the kind shown in Letters Patentof the United States, granted to me February 11, 1890, said ondly, toprovide improved means co-oper-.

ating with said drums for circulating and heating the water.

The invention consists in the improvements which 1 will now proceed todescribe and claim.

Of the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 represents a vertical section of my improved boiler and itscasing or setting. Fig. 2 represents a horizontal section on line 2 2,Fig. 1, looking upwardly. Fig. 3 represents a section on line 3 3, Fig.1, looking downwardly. Fig. 1 represents an enlarged sectional view ofthe lower end of one of the smaller drums. Fig. 5 rep resents asectional view of one of the end caps or heads of one of the drums.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all of thefigures.

In the drawings, a represents the central drum, and b 1/ represent thesmaller drums, which are arranged in a circular series around thecentral drum. The lower ends of all the drums are at substantially thesame height and are located above the grate 0, so that the heatedproducts of combustion will circulate uniformly between the drums. Thedrums b are preferably smaller than the drums b, in order that asuitable number of them may be placed between the central drum and theouter drums b; but my invention is not limited to this arrangement, andI may, if preferred, use only the central drum and the outer drums b..The drums b are of smaller diameter than thecentral drum, so that eachof the drunis b will contain a smaller volume of water, which willtherefore be more quickly heated than the water in the central drum,thus causing an upward current in the drums b and a downward current inthe central drum a, as described in my patent above mentioned. The drumsb are provided at their ends with capsd, which receive the horizontalradiating pipes e, which connect the central drum with the drums b. Inmy former patent I have shown the caps d as having flanges which inclosethe ends of the drums b, the latter being inserted in the caps untiltheir ends come in contact with the inner surfaces of the heads of thecaps.

In carrying out my present invention I make the caps d with thickerflanges than those shown in my former patent, so that the ends of thedrums b will bear upon the edges of the said flanges. In the edge ofeach capflange I form an annular groove 01, as shown in Fig. 5, and insaid groove I insert a ring g, of copper or other comparatively softmetal, which serves as a seat and packing for the adjacent ends of thedrum b, said ring being of the same diameter as that of the drum, so

that the entire end of the drum comes to a in the central portions ofthe caps d at the lower ends of the drums, while their upper ends extendthrough the caps 61 on the upper ends of the drums and are provided withnuts 11, hearing on said caps, as shown in Fig.-

1. It will be seen that the tubular rods j,

extending through the drums b and engaged with the caps, as described,constitute not only a means for securing said caps to the drums, butalso constitute small flues through which the heated products ofcombustion may pass through the drums b, said rods be- ICO ing open atboth ends, so that the heating of the water will be made more rap-idthan it would be if the heat had access only to the external surfaces ofthe drums, as in the construction shown in my former patent.

I do not limit myself to making the rod j tubular in all cases, becausesaid rod if made solid would serve the same purpose in securing the caps62 of the drums; but I prefer the tubular form for the reason aboveindicated.

It will be seen that by providing the caps with soft-metal seats orpackings and securing them to the drums by means of the rods j,extending through the drums, the parts of each drum 1) can be readilyassembled and that the expense of constructing each drum 6 will becomparatively small, the construction being at the same time madesulficiently durable and reliable for all cases where only low pressureis required, as in boilers for hotwater heating.

The flanges of the caps (Z are provided witl screw-threaded holes 0 toreceive the connecting-pipes e, and the flange of one of said caps has ahole 0 to receive the pipe 1), which extends from the lower end of oneof the drums b to the vertical pipe 13, the latter being connected atits upper end to the upper portion of the central drum a and providedwith suitable gage-cocks q when the apparatus is used to generate steam.The said screw-threaded holes 0 are wholly independ- 'ent of the groovesd that receive the pack- ,ings g and the ends of the drums, andconstitute ready means for connecting the drums b with the central drumby the pipes e. The holes 0, being independent of'the drums b, can bemade in the caps before the latter are applied to the drums.

Water may be supplied through the coil to the drums through the pipe to,which may be connected to the return-pipes of the radiators or to anindependent water-supply.

To facilitate the heating of the water, I provide one or more coils ofpipe, arranged to form tubulous lining for the fire-pot, immediatelyover the grate. I prefer, and have here shown, two coils M", theconvolutions of one coil alternating with those of the other, so thatboth coils form an inclosure which is adapted to contain a mass ofburning coal. The upper portion of each coil is connected by a pipe 3with the central drum a, and the lower portion of each coil is connectedwith said drum by a pipe t, so that the Water that is heated in thecoils passes upwardly into the centraldrum through the pipes s s, and alike volume of water is drawn through the pipes t t to the lowerportions of the coils, a

continual circulation of water being thus maintained through the coils.The pipes 15 t communicate with the drum a at a higher point than thepipes s s, so that the water entering the drum by the pipes s s risesinthe drum a and does not pass directly back through the pipes t t.

u to represent pipes which extend from the lower portions of the coils r1' to an outletpipe to, so that water may be drawn off from the coilswhen desired.

The water from the pipes s s enters the outer pipes 12 b b I) throughthe connectingpipes e, and the tendency is to rise and enter the centralpipe a at its upper end. Said pipe being the larger is cooler, and thetendency of the water is to fall and to enter the pipes f f at the topthereof, passing again into the coil at the bottom of the same, and thusthe circulation is continued.

I claim 1. In a hot-water heater or boiler, the combination, with thecentral drum, of the series of small drums b, surrounding the centraldrum, each drum being composed of-a tube, and caps cl (Z, having flangesbearing against the ends of said tube, and tubular rods j, secured attheir ends to said caps and extending longitudinally through the tubes,as set forth.

2. The end caps d, having thickened flanges to engage with the ends ofthe drums and provided with independent screw-threaded holes or socketsfor the reception of the connecting-pipes e, as set forth.

3. The end caps cl, having thickened flanges provided with grooves toreceive the ends of the drums, and independent screw-threaded holes orsockets for the reception of the connecting-pipes e, as set forth.

4. The combination of a furnace or fire-box, a receptacle, as the druma, over the same, coils '1' 0', arranged with their convolutionsalternating and forming a tubulous lining for the fire-box, pipes s 5,connecting the upper portions of the coils with the receptacle, andpipes t t, connecting the lower portions of the coils with thereceptacle, as set forth.

5. The combination of afurnace or fire-box, a receptacle, as the drum a,over the same, coils r '1", arranged with their convolutions alternatingand forming a tubulous lining for the fire-box, pipes s 3, connectingthe up per portions of the coils with the receptacle, pipest t,connecting the lower portions of the coils with the receptacle, and theoutlet-pipes 'u. u it, connected with the lower portions of said coils,as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed myname to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, this 31st day of July, A. D.1890.

O. H. ROSS.

\Vitnesses:

O. F. BROWN, ARTHUR W. CRossLEY.

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